EmperorQinShihuang'sMausoleumandtheTerra-cotta WarriorsandHorsesMuseum EmperorQinShihuang(259-210B.C.)hadYingashissurnameandZhengas hisgivenname.HenametothethroneoftheQinatage13,andtookthehelm ofthestateatageof22.By221B.C.,hehadannexedthesixrival principalitiesofQi,Chu,Yan,Han,ZhaoandWei,andestablishedthefirst feudalempireinChina'shistory. Intheyear221B.C.,whenheunifiedthewholecountry,YingZhengstyled himselfemperor.HenamedhimselfShihuangDi,thefirstemperorinthehope thathislatergenerationsbethesecond,thethirdeventheonehundredthand thousandthemperorsinproperordertocarryonthehereditarysystem.Since then,thesupremefeudalrulersofChina'sdynastieshadcontinuedtocall themselvesHuangDi,theemperor. Afterhehadannexedtheothersixstates,EmperorQinShihuangabolished theenfeoffmentsystemandadoptedtheprefectureandcountysystem.He standardizedlegalcodes,writtenlanguage,track,currencies,weightsand measures.ToprotectagainstharassmentbytheHunaristocrats.EmperorQin ShihuangorderedtheGreatWallbebuilt.Allthesemeasuresplayedanactive roleineliminatingthecauseofthestateofseparationanddivisionand strengtheningtheunificationofthewholecountryaswellaspromotionthe developmentofeconomyandculture.Theyhadagreatanddeepinfluenceupon China's2,000yearoldfeudalsociety. EmperorQinShihuangorderedthebooksofvariousschoolsburnedexcept thoseoftheQindynasty'shistoryandculture,divinationandmedicinesinan attempttopushhisfeudalautocracyintheideologicalfield.Asaresult, China'sancientclassicshadbeendevastatedanddestroy.Moreover,heonce ordered460scholarsbeburiedalive.Thoseeventswerelatercalledin history“theburningofbook sandtheburyingofConfucianscholars.” EmperorQinShihuang,forhisownpleasure,conscribedseveralhundred thousandconvictsandwentinforlarge-scaleconstructionandhadoverseven hundredpalacesbuiltintheGuanzhongPlain.Thesepalacesstretchedseveral hundredliandhesoughtpleasurefromonepalacetotheother.Oftennobody knewwhereherangingtreasuresinsidethetomb,wereenclosedalive. EmperorQinShihuang'sMausoleumhasnotyetbeenexcavated.Whatlooks likeinsidecouldonlybeknownwhenitisopened.However,thethreepitsof theterra-cottawarriorexcavatedoutsidetheeastgateoftheouterenclosure ofthenecropoliscanmakeoneimaginehowmagnificentandluxuriousthe structureofEmperorQinShihuang'sMausoleumwas. No.1PitwasstumbleduponinMarch1974whenvillagersofXiyangVillage ofYanzhaitownship,LintongCounty,sankawell1.5kmeastofthemausoleum. In1976,No.2and3Pitswerefound20mnorthofNo.1Pitrespectivelyafter thedrillingsurvey.Theterra-cottawarriorsandhorsesarearrayedaccording totheQindynastybattleformation,symbolizingthetroopskeepingvigil besidethemausoleum.Thisdiscoveryarousedmuchinterestbothathomeand abroad.In1975,amuseum,housingthesiteofNo.1andcoveringanareaof 16,300squaremeterswasbuiltwiththepermissionoftheStateCouncil.The museumwasformallyopenedtopubliconOct.1,theNationalDay,1979
用户登录
还没有账号?立即注册
用户注册
投稿取消
| 文章分类: |
|
还能输入300字
上传中....
